Honeybees As A Resource Essays - Beekeeping, Pollination, Bees, Apis

Honeybees As A Resource Essays - Beekeeping, Pollination, Bees, Apis Honeybees As A Resource Honeybees as a Resource Honeybees are very useful to humans. As their name suggests, they make the sweet, delicious treat known as honey that we enjoy. They also make beeswax from which we make many useful items. But the most important thing bees do for us is to pollinate the plants. The honeybee visits flowers which secrete a sweet liquid called nectar. This water-like nectar is sipped from the blossoms by the bee and carried to the beehive. The raw nectar goes into the cells in almost the same condition as it was when the bee sipped it from the flowers. It is inside the hive that house bees evaporate the nectar down to the thick consistency which is what we know as commercial honey. We usually think of the main use of honey as a spread on bread, pancakes or biscuits. However, honey has a large use in cooking; such as pastries, canned foods, milk drinks, desserts, frostings, syrups, and salad dressings. Honey contains simple sugars and does not require digestion like regular sugar, so it is useful for quick energy pick up and even for diabetic people. Most honey is sold as extracted honey but it is also sold on the honeycomb which is the wax chambers the bees make in the hive in which to store the honey. The wax comes from a worker bee's belly when she is fourteen to twenty-one days old. The wax chambers are just big enough for a bee to crawl inside. Sometimes people like to eat honeycomb. It can be eaten on toast or as is; then the wax becomes like a chewing gum, but like chewing gum it should not be swallowed. In recent years a new process called the Dyce process has made it possible to make a very nice granulated honey called creamed honey which is gaining in popularity. However, granulated honey is not used much commercially because it is still an almost unknown honey product. Beeswax is the second most important product produced by the honeybees. Beeswax, the earliest of waxes, has been used in the form of candles for lighting. This is today the second largest use of beeswax. The Roman Catholic Church used to require that pure beeswax candles be used in church but as the numbers of churches grew there wasn't enough beeswax available so that now the Catholic Church requires that candles are at least 51 percent beeswax. The reason the church requires beeswax candles is because the candles do not smoke. Probably the largest user of beeswax today is the cosmetic industry. Beeswax is used as the emulsifying agent in face creams, lipsticks, lotions and rouges. It is also used in shoe polish, sporting goods and military hardware. The beekeeper himself is the third largest user of beeswax which he gives to the bees as the base of their new comb. There are 70 or more commercial uses of beeswax today. Each year in the United States some 200 million pounds of honey and four to six million pounds of beeswax are produced. Honeybees are not the only insect that pollinates plants, but they are the best. A lot of our food, such as corn, tomatoes, peas, squash, strawberries, apples, pears, and watermelon would not continue without this pollination. During the last three weeks of a worker bee's life, they fly out of the hives as a forager. The bees take pollen and nectar to the hive and deposit it into cells. During a foraging trip each individual bee will collect pollen from just one kind of plant. By doing this, each bee helps pollinate the blossoms. When the bee crawls around on the blossom, the pollen (containing male plant reproductive cells) clings to fine hairs located on the bee's legs. The pollen is carried from one blossom to another blossom of the same kind of plant, where it sticks to the female part of the flower. Without pollination plants would not produce fruit or seeds. Without seeds now new plants could grow. Pollen is carried in small pollen baskets on the outer sides of the bees legs. In order to fill the baskets with pollen, the bee uses her mouth parts and scrapes the pollen from the blossoms and hairs on

Easy Method to Prepare a Chemical Solution

Easy Method to Prepare a Chemical Solution Heres a quick overview of how to prepare a solution when the final concentration is expressed as M or molarity. You prepare a solution by dissolving a known mass of solute (often a solid) into a specific amount of a solvent. One of the most common ways to express the concentration of the solution is M or molarity, which is moles of solute per liter of solution. Example of How to Prepare a Solution Prepare 1 liter of 1.00 M NaCl solution. First, calculate the molar mass of NaCl which is the mass of a mole of Na plus the mass of a mole of Cl or 22.99 35.45 58.44 g/mol Weigh out 58.44 g NaCl.Place the NaCl in a 1-liter volumetric flask.Add a small volume of distilled, deionized water to dissolve the salt.Fill the flask to the 1 L line. If a different molarity is required, then multiply that number times the molar mass of NaCl. For example, if you wanted a 0.5 M solution, you would use 0.5 x 58.44 g/mol of NaCl in 1 L of solution or 29.22 g of NaCl. Important Points to Remember Molarity is expressed in terms of liter of solution, not liters of solvent. To prepare a solution, the flask is filled to the mark. In other words, it is incorrect to a 1 liter of water to a mass of sample to prepare a molar solution.Sometimes its necessary to adjust the pH of a solution. To do this, add enough water to dissolve the solute. Then add an acid or base solution dropwise (usually a hydrochloric acid or HCl solution for acid or sodium hydroxide or NaOH solution for a base) to reach the desired pH. Then add more water to reach the mark on the glassware. Adding more water wont change the pH value.

Current State of Mobile Crowd Sensing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Current State of Mobile Crowd Sensing - Essay Example The devices consist of certain sensing equipment and wireless power that make it easier to develop and upload data to the internet (Ganti et al. Page 32). The mobile devices are equipped with various communication computing and sensing systems. They boost the functions of the daily life objects or involved in the collection of information from the environment by themselves. These devices have got applications in all sectors of the economy including health sector, industrial sector, agricultural sector and education sectors. Information sharing and updating have become easier and the information have been of high quality. The paper therefore discusses in broad the current state of art of mobile Crowdsensing looking into the current application in technology. It also discusses the possible future advances and challenges facing this technology. The mobile crowdsensing applications fall into two broad categories considering the type of facts that are analyzed; personal and computing sensing. The application of personal sensing is directed towards the individual. A good example is examining the movement of individuals, especially during exercise to determine his or her health status. Another example is the one that examines the method of transportation of an individual in order to get the carbon footprint of the person. Community sensing involves examination of facts that cannot be carried out by one person. A good example is the examination of the level of air pollution or traffic congestion. It has therefore been made easier to carry out self or community assessment. One can easily identify and know the body status and decide on whether to seek medical assistance at certain times (Ganti et al.Page 32). The current state of the art of mobile crowdsensing has shown its applications in various sectors in the world. Its application has been seen in the environment, infrastructure and social applications. The environmental applications involve the natural environment including examining pollution levels, wildlife habitats and levels of water. These applications involve looking the facts in the environment at a large and involved the main person.  Ã‚  

Greek Culture pertaining to the the foods they eat Essay

Greek Culture pertaining to the the foods they eat - Essay Example Food is the essence of life for a Greek, and for generations the ritual of cooking the main family meal has been that of the woman of the household. She will begin preparing an elaborate, complicated meal often from the morning, so that it is ready when the man and the children return home from work and school. Breakfast usually consists of a strong Greek coffee (ΕÎ »ÃŽ »ÃŽ ·ÃŽ ½ÃŽ ¹ÃŽ ºÃÅ') and a bread ring (ÃŽÅ¡ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€¦ÃŽ »ÃŽ ¿Ã Ã ÃŽ ¹) and is of no particular importance. The main meal of the day is an important family event; it is where the family members (and often friends) converse around the table and communicate – most socialising is based upon eating and drinking. The main meal is often eaten late afternoon, although this depends on the season (during the summer, it will be earlier) and is traditionally followed by a one to two hour nap, after which the man will often return to work for some hours. This concerns the working hours of Greece in general, althou gh there are exceptions as always, depending again on the season or the type of work as well as whether the family lives in a major city or small village. Of course, this is just a very basic introduction as to what the food culture in Greece consists of, albeit necessary in order to progress into the more specific areas. It is safe to say, however, that the Greek food culture is one engrained through centuries of tradition, which have kept a steadfast hold of families despite our entry into the ‘modern age’. I will now explain the most popular types of foods for the Greeks and the recipes in which they can be found. Generally, the basic ingredients of Greek cuisine are not many, but each is used in a variety of ways to make very different dishes. As has already been stated, the main meal of the day is the most important. It is elaborate and usually consists of a main meat dish, along with other smaller side dishes and often some form of dip. Lamb is very popular in villages and other such rural areas,

Chinas automobile industry Chapter 1 and 3 Essay

Chinas automobile industry Chapter 1 and 3 - Essay Example Started in 1984, the first wave of investment in the automobile industry in China includes the establishment of Beijing Jeep and Shanghai Volkswagen (Wu, 2006). Six years later, the second wave started when FAW-Volkswagen, Guangzhou Peugeot, and Dongfeng- Citroà «n was manufactured and publicly introduced in Chinese market (Wu, 2006). Sometime in late 1990s, the third wave happened when GM, Toyota Motor, and Ford secured their respective car assembly deals at Shanghai GM, Tianjin Toyota Motor, and Chang’an-Ford respectively (Wu, 2006). Other than the foreign-owned automobile manufacturing companies that entered the Chinese market between the years 1980s to 1990s, the fourth wave of investment can be noted when local automobile manufacturing companies like Geely Group, Brilliance China, and Shanghai Cherry started selling cars back in 2001 (Wu, 2006). The continuous development and transfer of foreign automobile technology together with the huge demand for new cars contributes a lot to the success of Chinese automobile industry. In 2009, the total number of cars, trucks and other vehicles sold in China was 13.6 million which accounts for 46% increase from the previous year’s total vehicles sold (Lewis, 2010). In fact, China’s Automobile Industry was the 2nd largest Industry back in 2008. (Table I – China’s Top Ten Industries) The main objective of this study is to gather existing and most current literature regarding the degree of competition in China’s automobile industry. Aside from determining the theoretical approaches that can be use in examining the degree of competitiveness in China’s automobile industry, the gathered literature will provide the readers with useful information regarding significant issues that has been discussed about the advancement of its existing automobile technology including the legal, economic, social, and political factors that could affect the Chinese’s

Hemophilia Genetic Blood

Hemophilia Genetic Blood Hemophilia is a sex-linked genetic disorder that prevents your blood from clotting normally. The blood may clot very little but can easily dislodge. Patients with the disease can bleed for days. It is located on your X sex chromosome and is found in males of all races and ethnic groups. A female can have Hemophilia, but it is extremely rare and uncommon. Most people who had Hemophilia in the 1980s were also diagnosed with HIV. There are two types of Hemophilia; type A and type B. Type A Hemophilia is caused by a lack or shortage of clotting factor eight. 1 out of every 5,000 male babies are born with type A. Type B is caused by a shortage of clotting factor 9. It is less common than type A and is found in 1 out of 30,000 male babies. Although males are inherited with the disease, females carry it. Females may get a genetic test to see if they carry the disease. Hemophilia can be mild, moderate, or severe. If you have a mild case, clotting factor 8 or 9 is 5% normal or greater. In a moderate case, clotting factor 8 or 9 is 1% to 5% normal. In a severe case, clotting factor 8 or 9 is less than 1% of normal. Also in a severe case, bleeding may happen more than once a week for no reason. A patient with severe Hemophilia is usually diagnosed during their first year of life. The percentage of a clotting factor will most likely stay the same throughout a persons life. There is no actual cure for Hemophilia just yet, but people with the disease can inject themselves with the clotting factors 8 and 9 to stop their bleeding. A treatment for the disease can depend on the type of Hemophilia the person has. A persons immune system can attack the clotting factors that were injected. If this happens, then extra treatment may be needed. There is no way to prevent a child from getting Hemophilia. A genetic counselor can tell how severe the Hemophilia may be and the risk for it. Some symptoms of Hemophilia can be bleeding into the joints, bleeding in soft tissues and muscles, or bleeding in the mouth. Symptoms may become less severe as a child gets older. It doesnt mean that their case is any less severe, but they learn to avoid things that can lead them to bleeding. Most bleeding is caused by an injury or a twist of a joint. Most people with Hemophilia live a normal life span if they can control their bleeding with injecting themselves. Hemophilia is caused when a person has a mutation in of their clotting genes. Almost 90% of patients have a mutation in their Factor 8 gene, and only 9% have a mutation in their Factor 9 gene. 1% of patients have a mutation in a different clotting factor gene. A doctor will make several blood tests and rule out other diseases before diagnosing Hemophilia. The diseases the doctor must rule out with similar symptoms are Von Willebrand, Dysfibrinogenemia, Hypofibrinogenemia, Thrombocytopenia, and Bernaid-Soulier Syndrome. A final blood test will determine if the person has Hemophilia, the missing factor, and the type of Hemophilia the person has. When a person is diagnosed, the mutation should be found to see if anyone else in the family carries the disorder. It is very simple to find out this information if the male has a mutation called an inversion. Almost 50% of type A patients have inversions. To test for an inversion, an DNA fingerprint must be created. There is no inversion when the fingerprint shows two very dark marks of DNA at 16.5 and 21.0 areas. But, there is an inversion when there are two dark marks at 20.0 and 17.5. If a boy has Hemophilia, the test can be used on his female blood relatives. Hemophilia was recognized in ancient times, though it wasnt named. An Arab physician by the name of Albucasis, wrote about a family whose male sons died from bleeding after minor injuries. In 1803, a physician named Dr. John Conrad Otto wrote about Hemophilia. He noticed that Hemophilia was only found in males and was a hereditary disease. The word â€Å"hemophilia† was written in a description at the University of Zurich in 1828 by Hopff. Another name for Hemophilia is â€Å"The Royal Disease†. This is because Queen Victoria carried the disease. She was the Queen of England from 1837-1901. Her son Leopold developed the disease. Leopold died from a brain hemorrhage at the age of 31, but his daughter was a carrier also. His daughter, Alice, had a male baby who also died from the disease. Two of Queen Victorias daughters carried the disease just like her. They gave the disease to the Russian, German, and Spanish royal families. Alexandra was Queen Victorias granddaughter. She married Nicholas, the Tsar of Russia in the early 1900s. Alexandra also carried the disease and passed it on to her son, the Tsarevich Alexei. You are probably thinking what its like to have this horrible disease. Males with the disease say that it is extremely painful. They talk about how they were injected as infants. A lot of their parents are very nervous and scared when they find out that their child has Hemophilia. A boy named Greg Price says that he went to summer camp with other people who have blood related diseases. He found friendship with a lot of the people who have to deal with diseases like that. He is very open with the fact that he has Hemophilia. Overall, Hemophilia is an extremely terrifying disease that no one would like to have. It may cause someone to lose their life due to a simple cut or scratch. It is extremely painful and causes people two live with a horrifying life. Hopefully, someday there will be a cure for this dreadful disease so people with the disease can live their lives with happiness, joy, and freedom.

Perfect Storm Essay -- essays research papers

The Perfect Storm by Sebastian Junger is an account of an immense storm and its destructive path through the North Atlantic. In late October of 1991, crews of several different fishing ships left their port for their final haul. Little did they know that they would soon cross paths with one of the greatest storms ever recorded. This particular storm would create huge swells, high winds, and hard rain. The system, was said to be a â€Å"perfect storm† because all of the elements were just right to create the worst imaginable storm ever seen, â€Å"†¦ a hundred-year event,† claimed some meteorologists. These types of storms are caused when: â€Å"Warm air is less dense than cool air; it rises off the surface of the ocean, cools in the upper atmosphere, and then dumps its moisture before rushing back to earth. Huge cumulus clouds develop over the zones of rising air, with thunder, lightning, and terrifically strong rain. As long as there's a supply of warm water, th e thunderstorm sustains itself, converting moisture into sheeting rain and downdraft winds. Other thunderclouds might line up along the leading edge of a cold front into a "squall line," a towering convective engine that stretches from horizon to horizon.† (The Perfect Storm Foundation) The descriptions of fishing procedures and equipment are often confusing, they are a vital part of the plot. Which gives the reader a better insight to what these fishermen went though. Without these details, readers would not be able to picture the dangers of the storm the way Junger wanted them to. The book is interesting, but never melodramatic. There is just enough tension in the conflict between man and nature to keep readers on the edge of their seats. Junger never tries to saturate his readers with so much emotion that they roll their eyes in disgust. He makes the fear and desperation realistic and believable. Junger achieves a delicate balance between the factual and fictional elements of the story. The front cover immediately states in bold letters that The Perfect Storm is a true story. Junger’s characters are extremely well developed. It becomes unimportant that Junger may have exaggerated about a character’s experiences. He allows readers to sympathize with Christina Cotter and fear for Bobby Shatfords safety. The thoughts and emotions of every character are stunningly real. My girlfriend pointed out that the book... ...ve damage occurred in New England where federal disaster areas were declared for seven counties in Massachusetts, five in Maine, and one in New Hampshire. Off Staten Island, two men were drowned when their boat capsized. Other fatalities occurred when a man fishing from a bridge was either blown or swept off in New York and a fisherman was swept off the rocks at Narrangansett, RI by heavy surf. Offshore, six lives were lost when the Andrea Gail, a swordfishing boat, sank. Total damage in the Halloween Storm, as it came to be known because of its date, was in the hundreds of millions of dollars.† The first part of the book focuses on the people and their relationships around the docks and their hometown. It gave an in-depth glimpse into the life and psychological behaviors of fishermen. Given the total length of the book my first reaction to this focus on people was that it was too much. My second reaction was "just right." Less stress would have de-personalized the characters. Towards the end the characters in the book have all learned something about themselves because of this storm. Being that some of the characters are not here anymore makes the book all the more poignant.